lithiation

direct lithiation of benzene derivatives requires strong bases like n-butyllithium at low temperatures.

the lithiation protocol was optimized to achieve regioselective functionalization of the heterocyclic compound.

metal-halogen exchange provides a complementary approach to directed ortho-lithiation for aryl halides.

the lithiation mechanism involves deprotonation of the acidic proton adjacent to a coordinating group.

optimized lithiation conditions using tmeda as an additive significantly improved the reaction yield.

regioselective lithiation of pyridine allows for the synthesis of valuable 2-substituted derivatives.

the efficiency of lithiation depends on the choice of base, solvent, and reaction temperature.

in situ trapping of the organolithium intermediate with electrophiles provides access to diverse products.

directed ortho-lithiation is a powerful strategy for the functionalization of aromatic compounds.

lithiation of the carbonyl compound followed by quenching with deuterium oxide introduces a deuterium label.

the stability of organolithium reagents necessitates careful control of reaction conditions.

comparative lithiation studies revealed significant differences in reactivity between analogous substrates.