stomata

the stomata on the underside of leaves open to absorb carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.

plants close their stomata during drought to conserve water through reduced transpiration.

stomatal density varies significantly among different plant species adapted to various climates.

the stomatal aperture regulates the rate of gas exchange and water loss in leaves.

guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata by changing their turgor pressure.

high temperatures cause stomata to close, limiting photosynthetic rates in many crops.

scientists measure stomatal conductance to assess plant water-use efficiency and stress responses.

the number of stomata per square millimeter differs between sun and shade leaves.

atmospheric co2 concentration influences stomatal development and functioning in growing plants.

stomatal closure is triggered by the hormone abscisic acid during water stress conditions.

modern microscopy techniques allow researchers to observe stomatal dynamics at the cellular level.

stomatal patterning during leaf development is genetically regulated by specific transcription factors.